////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// checkstyle: Checks Java source code for adherence to a set of rules.
// Copyright (C) 2001-2019 the original author or authors.
//
// This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
// modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
// version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
// Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
// Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

package com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.xpath;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.TreeWalkerAuditEvent;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.DetailAST;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.FileText;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.api.TokenTypes;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.utils.CommonUtil;
import com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.utils.TokenUtil;

/**
 * Generates xpath queries. Xpath queries are generated based on received
 * {@code DetailAst} element, line number, column number and token type.
 * Token type parameter is optional.
 *
 * <p>
 *     Example class
 * </p>
 * <pre>
 * public class Main {
 *
 *     public String sayHello(String name) {
 *         return "Hello, " + name;
 *     }
 * }
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>
 *     Following expression returns list of queries. Each query is the string representing full
 *     path to the node inside Xpath tree, whose line number is 3 and column number is 4.
 * </p>
 * <pre>
 *     new XpathQueryGenerator(rootAst, 3, 4).generate();
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>
 *     Result list
 * </p>
 * <ul>
 *     <li>
 *         /CLASS_DEF[@text='Main']/OBJBLOCK/METHOD_DEF[@text='sayHello']
 *     </li>
 *     <li>
 *         /CLASS_DEF[@text='Main']/OBJBLOCK/METHOD_DEF[@text='sayHello']/MODIFIERS
 *     </li>
 *     <li>
 *         /CLASS_DEF[@text='Main']/OBJBLOCK/METHOD_DEF[@text='sayHello']/MODIFIERS/LITERAL_PUBLIC
 *     </li>
 * </ul>
 *
 */
public class XpathQueryGenerator {

    /** The root ast. */
    private final DetailAST rootAst;
    /** The line number of the element for which the query should be generated. */
    private final int lineNumber;
    /** The column number of the element for which the query should be generated. */
    private final int columnNumber;
    /** The token type of the element for which the query should be generated. Optional. */
    private final int tokenType;
    /** The {@code FileText} object, representing content of the file. */
    private final FileText fileText;
    /** The distance between tab stop position. */
    private final int tabWidth;

    /**
     * Creates a new {@code XpathQueryGenerator} instance.
     *
     * @param event {@code TreeWalkerAuditEvent} object
     * @param tabWidth distance between tab stop position
     */
    public XpathQueryGenerator(TreeWalkerAuditEvent event, int tabWidth) {
        this(event.getRootAst(), event.getLine(), event.getColumn(), event.getTokenType(),
                event.getFileContents().getText(), tabWidth);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new {@code XpathQueryGenerator} instance.
     *
     * @param rootAst root ast
     * @param lineNumber line number of the element for which the query should be generated
     * @param columnNumber column number of the element for which the query should be generated
     * @param fileText the {@code FileText} object
     * @param tabWidth distance between tab stop position
     */
    public XpathQueryGenerator(DetailAST rootAst, int lineNumber, int columnNumber,
                               FileText fileText, int tabWidth) {
        this(rootAst, lineNumber, columnNumber, 0, fileText, tabWidth);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new {@code XpathQueryGenerator} instance.
     *
     * @param rootAst root ast
     * @param lineNumber line number of the element for which the query should be generated
     * @param columnNumber column number of the element for which the query should be generated
     * @param tokenType token type of the element for which the query should be generated
     * @param fileText the {@code FileText} object
     * @param tabWidth distance between tab stop position
     */
    public XpathQueryGenerator(DetailAST rootAst, int lineNumber, int columnNumber, int tokenType,
                               FileText fileText, int tabWidth) {
        this.rootAst = rootAst;
        this.lineNumber = lineNumber;
        this.columnNumber = columnNumber;
        this.tokenType = tokenType;
        this.fileText = fileText;
        this.tabWidth = tabWidth;
    }

    /**
     * Returns list of xpath queries of nodes, matching line number, column number and token type.
     * This approach uses DetailAST traversal. DetailAST means detail abstract syntax tree.
     * @return list of xpath queries of nodes, matching line number, column number and token type
     */
    public List<String> generate() {
        return getMatchingAstElements()
            .stream()
            .map(XpathQueryGenerator::generateXpathQuery)
            .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    /**
     * Returns child {@code DetailAst} element of the given root,
     * which has child element with token type equals to {@link TokenTypes#IDENT}.
     * @param root {@code DetailAST} root ast
     * @return child {@code DetailAst} element of the given root
     */
    private static DetailAST findChildWithIdent(DetailAST root) {
        return TokenUtil.findFirstTokenByPredicate(root,
            cur -> {
                return cur.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT) != null;
            }).orElse(null);
    }

    /**
     * Returns full xpath query for given ast element.
     * @param ast {@code DetailAST} ast element
     * @return full xpath query for given ast element
     */
    private static String generateXpathQuery(DetailAST ast) {
        String xpathQuery = getXpathQuery(null, ast);
        if (!isUniqueAst(ast)) {
            final DetailAST child = findChildWithIdent(ast);
            if (child != null) {
                xpathQuery += "[." + getXpathQuery(ast, child) + ']';
            }
        }
        return xpathQuery;
    }

    /**
     * Returns list of nodes matching defined line number, column number and token type.
     * @return list of nodes matching defined line number, column number and token type
     */
    private List<DetailAST> getMatchingAstElements() {
        final List<DetailAST> result = new ArrayList<>();
        DetailAST curNode = rootAst;
        while (curNode != null && curNode.getLineNo() <= lineNumber) {
            if (isMatchingByLineAndColumnAndTokenType(curNode)) {
                result.add(curNode);
            }
            DetailAST toVisit = curNode.getFirstChild();
            while (curNode != null && toVisit == null) {
                toVisit = curNode.getNextSibling();
                if (toVisit == null) {
                    curNode = curNode.getParent();
                }
            }

            curNode = toVisit;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns relative xpath query for given ast element from root.
     * @param root {@code DetailAST} root element
     * @param ast {@code DetailAST} ast element
     * @return relative xpath query for given ast element from root
     */
    private static String getXpathQuery(DetailAST root, DetailAST ast) {
        final StringBuilder resultBuilder = new StringBuilder(1024);
        DetailAST cur = ast;
        while (cur != root) {
            final StringBuilder curNodeQueryBuilder = new StringBuilder(256);
            curNodeQueryBuilder.append('/')
                    .append(TokenUtil.getTokenName(cur.getType()));
            final DetailAST identAst = cur.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT);
            if (identAst != null) {
                curNodeQueryBuilder.append("[@text='")
                        .append(identAst.getText())
                        .append("']");
            }
            resultBuilder.insert(0, curNodeQueryBuilder);
            cur = cur.getParent();
        }
        return resultBuilder.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the given ast element has unique {@code TokenTypes} among siblings.
     * @param ast {@code DetailAST} ast element
     * @return if the given ast element has unique {@code TokenTypes} among siblings
     */
    private static boolean hasAtLeastOneSiblingWithSameTokenType(DetailAST ast) {
        boolean result = false;
        if (ast.getParent() == null) {
            DetailAST prev = ast.getPreviousSibling();
            while (prev != null) {
                if (prev.getType() == ast.getType()) {
                    result = true;
                    break;
                }
                prev = prev.getPreviousSibling();
            }
            if (!result) {
                DetailAST next = ast.getNextSibling();
                while (next != null) {
                    if (next.getType() == ast.getType()) {
                        result = true;
                        break;
                    }
                    next = next.getNextSibling();
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            result = ast.getParent().getChildCount(ast.getType()) > 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the column number with tabs expanded.
     * @param ast {@code DetailAST} root ast
     * @return the column number with tabs expanded
     */
    private int expandedTabColumn(DetailAST ast) {
        return 1 + CommonUtil.lengthExpandedTabs(fileText.get(lineNumber - 1),
                ast.getColumnNo(), tabWidth);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the given {@code DetailAST} node is matching line number, column number and token
     * type.
     * @param ast {@code DetailAST} ast element
     * @return true if the given {@code DetailAST} node is matching
     */
    private boolean isMatchingByLineAndColumnAndTokenType(DetailAST ast) {
        return ast.getLineNo() == lineNumber
                && expandedTabColumn(ast) == columnNumber
                && (tokenType == 0 || tokenType == ast.getType());
    }

    /**
     * To be sure that generated xpath query will return exactly required ast element, the element
     * should be checked for uniqueness. If ast element has {@link TokenTypes#IDENT} as the child
     * or there is no sibling with the same {@code TokenTypes} then element is supposed to be
     * unique. This method finds if {@code DetailAst} element is unique.
     * @param ast {@code DetailAST} ast element
     * @return if {@code DetailAst} element is unique
     */
    private static boolean isUniqueAst(DetailAST ast) {
        return ast.findFirstToken(TokenTypes.IDENT) != null
            || !hasAtLeastOneSiblingWithSameTokenType(ast);
    }

}