org.threeten.bp.temporal
Interface TemporalField

All Known Implementing Classes:

ChronoField

public interface TemporalField

A field of date-time, such as month-of-year or hour-of-minute.

Date and time is expressed using fields which partition the time-line into something meaningful for humans. Implementations of this interface represent those fields.

The most commonly used units are defined in ChronoField. Further fields are supplied in IsoFields, WeekFields and JulianFields. Fields can also be written by application code by implementing this interface.

The field works using double dispatch. Client code calls methods on a date-time like LocalDateTime which check if the field is a ChronoField. If it is, then the date-time must handle it. Otherwise, the method call is re-dispatched to the matching method in this interface.

Specification for implementors

getBaseUnit

TemporalUnit getBaseUnit()

Gets the unit that the field is measured in.

The unit of the field is the period that varies within the range. For example, in the field 'MonthOfYear', the unit is 'Months'. See also getRangeUnit().

Returns:

the period unit defining the base unit of the field, not null

getRangeUnit

TemporalUnit getRangeUnit()

Gets the range that the field is bound by.

The range of the field is the period that the field varies within. For example, in the field 'MonthOfYear', the range is 'Years'. See also getBaseUnit().

The range is never null. For example, the 'Year' field is shorthand for 'YearOfForever'. It therefore has a unit of 'Years' and a range of 'Forever'.

Returns:

the period unit defining the range of the field, not null

range

ValueRange range()

Gets the range of valid values for the field.

All fields can be expressed as a long integer. This method returns an object that describes the valid range for that value. This method is generally only applicable to the ISO-8601 calendar system.

Note that the result only describes the minimum and maximum valid values and it is important not to read too much into them. For example, there could be values within the range that are invalid for the field.

Returns:

the range of valid values for the field, not null

isDateBased

boolean isDateBased()

Checks if this field is date-based.

A date-based field can be derived from epoch-day

Returns:

true if date-based

isTimeBased

boolean isTimeBased()

Checks if this field is time-based.

A time-based field can be derived from nano-of-day

Returns:

true if time-based

isSupportedBy

boolean isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor temporal)

Checks if this field is supported by the temporal object.

This determines whether the temporal accessor supports this field. If this returns false, the the temporal cannot be queried for this field.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use TemporalAccessor.isSupported(TemporalField):

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisField.isSupportedBy(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.isSupported(thisField);
 

It is recommended to use the second approach, isSupported(TemporalField), as it is a lot clearer to read in code.

Implementations should determine whether they are supported using the fields available in ChronoField.

Parameters:

temporal - the temporal object to query, not null

Returns:

true if the date-time can be queried for this field, false if not

rangeRefinedBy

ValueRange rangeRefinedBy(TemporalAccessor temporal)

Get the range of valid values for this field using the temporal object to refine the result.

This uses the temporal object to find the range of valid values for the field. This is similar to range(), however this method refines the result using the temporal. For example, if the field is DAY_OF_MONTH the range method is not accurate as there are four possible month lengths, 28, 29, 30 and 31 days. Using this method with a date allows the range to be accurate, returning just one of those four options.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use TemporalAccessor.range(TemporalField):

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisField.rangeRefinedBy(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.range(thisField);
 

It is recommended to use the second approach, range(TemporalField), as it is a lot clearer to read in code.

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the fields available in ChronoField. If the field is not supported a DateTimeException must be thrown.

Parameters:

temporal - the temporal object used to refine the result, not null

Returns:

the range of valid values for this field, not null

Throws:

DateTimeException - if the range for the field cannot be obtained

getFrom

long getFrom(TemporalAccessor temporal)

Gets the value of this field from the specified temporal object.

This queries the temporal object for the value of this field.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use TemporalAccessor.getLong(TemporalField) (or TemporalAccessor.get(TemporalField)):

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisField.getFrom(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.getLong(thisField);
 

It is recommended to use the second approach, getLong(TemporalField), as it is a lot clearer to read in code.

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the fields available in ChronoField. If the field is not supported a DateTimeException must be thrown.

Parameters:

temporal - the temporal object to query, not null

Returns:

the value of this field, not null

Throws:

DateTimeException - if a value for the field cannot be obtained

getDisplayName

String getDisplayName(Locale locale)

Gets the display name for the field in the requested locale.

If there is no display name for the locale then a suitable default must be returned.

The default implementation must check the locale is not null and return toString().

Parameters:

locale - the locale to use, not null

Returns:

the display name for the locale or a suitable default, not null

adjustInto

<R extends Temporal> R adjustInto(R temporal,
                                  long newValue)

Returns a copy of the specified temporal object with the value of this field set.

This returns a new temporal object based on the specified one with the value for this field changed. For example, on a LocalDate, this could be used to set the year, month or day-of-month. The returned object has the same observable type as the specified object.

In some cases, changing a field is not fully defined. For example, if the target object is a date representing the 31st January, then changing the month to February would be unclear. In cases like this, the implementation is responsible for resolving the result. Typically it will choose the previous valid date, which would be the last valid day of February in this example.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use Temporal.with(TemporalField, long):

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisField.adjustInto(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.with(thisField);
 

It is recommended to use the second approach, with(TemporalField), as it is a lot clearer to read in code.

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the fields available in ChronoField. If the field is not supported a DateTimeException must be thrown.

Implementations must not alter the specified temporal object. Instead, an adjusted copy of the original must be returned. This provides equivalent, safe behavior for immutable and mutable implementations.

Type Parameters:

R - the type of the Temporal object

Parameters:

temporal - the temporal object to adjust, not null

newValue - the new value of the field

Returns:

the adjusted temporal object, not null

Throws:

DateTimeException - if the field cannot be set

resolve

TemporalAccessor resolve(Map<TemporalField,Long> fieldValues,
                         TemporalAccessor partialTemporal,
                         ResolverStyle resolverStyle)

Resolves the date/time information in the builder

This method is invoked during the resolve of the builder. Implementations should combine the associated field with others to form objects like LocalDate, LocalTime and LocalDateTime

Parameters:

fieldValues - the map of fields to values, which can be updated, not null

partialTemporal - the partially complete temporal to query for zone and chronology; querying for other things is undefined and not recommended, not null

resolverStyle - the requested type of resolve, not null

Returns:

the resolved temporal object; null if resolving only changed the map, or no resolve occurred

Throws:

ArithmeticException - if numeric overflow occurs

DateTimeException - if resolving results in an error. This must not be thrown by querying a field on the temporal without first checking if it is supported